What is Central Asian Food? 7 Popular Foods

Ok, I admit it. A huge motivation for my travels around the world is largely based on how good the cuisine is. 

I knew little about Central Asian Food, and I wanted to change that.

What is Central Asian Food? 7 Popular Foods

Ok, I admit it. A huge motivation for my travels around the world is largely based on how good the cuisine is. 

I knew little about Central Asian Food, and I wanted to change that.

Hi, we’re Rach & Marty!

We’ve visited every country in the world and want to help you get the most out of your travels!

Whether you need an expertly planned itinerary, some experienced hints and tips, or just craving a delicious food adventure, we’ve got you covered!

Hi, we’re Rach & Marty!

We’ve visited every country in the world and want to help you get the most out of your travels!

Whether you need an expertly planned itinerary, some experienced hints and tips, or just craving a delicious food adventure, we’ve got you covered!

Hi, we’re Rach & Marty!

We’ve visited every country in the world and want to help you get the most out of your travels!

Whether you need an expertly planned itinerary, some experienced hints and tips, or just craving a delicious food adventure, we’ve got you covered!

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what is central asian food eating bread shashlik

Everyone has the ‘thing’ they search for when exploring a new country, and mine is undeniably a passion for uncovering the most incredible food experiences available.

I had always wondered what Central Asian food is all about, so I surprised myself when I agreed to take a journey through ‘Central Asia’, otherwise known as ‘The Stans’.

I’d never heard anyone talk about Central Asian food, so I researched it online to find out what to expect.

I had my answer within seconds, and my diet was about to consist solely of mutton, bread, tomatoes and tea. Not the most exciting or nutritious food to live on for the next six weeks, but did I have any other choice?

We knew from our past travels throughout Mongolia that Nomads live off the land, meaning they eat whatever livestock they breed, commonly horses and sheep, as well as their milk and milk products (such as yoghurt, and cheese).

Also, anything they can grow in the dry earth, which is generally root vegetables such as potatoes, carrots onions and wheat from which they make bread. 

what is central asian food bishkek lady with bread
What is Central Asian Food? Bread is definitely a staple here!

What is Central Asian food?

These 7 staple foods of Central Asia are the most popular foods in this region:

1) Shashlik

Shashlik or Skewered meat (commonly mutton) is usually cooked on a grill called a mangal. These days it is also made of chicken, pork or beef.

shashlik foods in Uzbekistan

The skewers are either all meat or sometimes a combination of pieces of meat, chunks of fat and vegetables such as capsicum, onion and tomato.

We ate many shashliks along the way; a few good ones, but the majority were made up of chewy chunks of mutton and lots of fat.

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 2) Plov

what is central asian food plov
What is Central Asian Food? Plov is found all over Central Asia. It’s filling & cheap.

Rice with chunks of meat, fried julienned carrots, peppers and caraway seeds, all cooked in mutton fat (which gives it flavour).  A national dish (originates from Uzbekistan) is the favourite among locals.

Our favourite plov was unsurprisingly from the local markets in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. A cheap, filling and tasty meal for sure. If you find a plov with juicy raisins included, you are winning!

If you get to visit this region, you will find that this dish is available everywhere. I couldn’t write this list on “What is Central Asian food” without the very popular dish, plov.

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3) Manty

What is central asian food manty central asia

Round dumplings filled with minced mutton, mutton fat and onion. Served on their own or sometimes with yoghurt and tomato salsa on the side if you are lucky.

We found some pumpkin filled manty in Khiva, Uzbekistan, which was a welcome change from countless mutton meals.

When it comes to dumplings, we love to eat them in China, maybe because we prefer them to the bizarre foods you find in China

4) Samsa

what is central asian food samsa
Samsa is one of the best Central Asian foods to pick up anywhere.

A small baked pastry yet again filled chunks of mutton and onion. The best thing about a samsa is seeing the way it is cooked.

The samsa is slapped on the inside of the makeshift tandoor ovens and peeled off once it is golden-coloured.

However, these are cheap snacks found almost everywhere. Samsa is also featured in our post about the most popular foods from Turkmenistan.

5) Bread or Naan

what is central asian food bread uzbekistan
What is Central Asian Food? Bread is served with everything, and it’s available at all times of the day, baked fresh.

Bread (or naan) is the king of any meal in Central Asia, and I can’t remember eating a meal without it.

Locals that we met along the way explained that they cannot eat a meal without naan. If you question what is Central Asian food without bread, the answer is not nearly as good.

Bread is the foundation of Central Asian food.

We loved wandering the streets or bazaars finding the freshest bread being pulled from the tandoor ovens and being stamped on top with a tool called a chekich.

The region determines the shape and consistency.

what is central asian food Rach with bread
Rach eating Central Asian food. Bread is eaten with almost every dish, and it’s wonderful and fresh.

6) Borscht

Borscht is a hearty soup that is very popular in Russian cuisine and Central Asian countries. It is most commonly made with beef or pork broth.

It usually contains heavy starchy vegetables such as potatoes, carrots and always beetroot, the vegetable that gives it the familiar colour. 

Served with a spoonful of sour cream, this dish is usually served with dark bread.

Borscht is also considered one of the national soups of Ukraine, but they have many more Ukrainian dishes to try.

7) Lagman

what is central asian food lagman soup
Lagman noodle soup is a popular Central Asian Food
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A dough made from flour, eggs, water and salt is cut into noodles with a sharp knife. The noodles are boiled in salted water strained and then covered with a special sauce which is prepared from mutton, potatoes, carrots, peppers, onions and tomatoes.

All these ingredients are fried with a bit of water and stewed to readiness.

This dish is quite tasty if you can find a good one served with edible pieces of meat. More often than not, you won’t, so be prepared to push the chewy, gristly mutton to the side of your plate and enjoy vegetarian Lagman. 

Are you interested in travelling to Central Asia, eating the cuisine, and finding out first-hand what Central Asian food is all about? Search Tourradar for incredible group tours to discover the best of Central Asia.

Travel Tips for Asia

We have many travel guides and tips for Asia— a fascinating continent!

Delicious cuisine can be enjoyed across Asia, and our food map of Asia will inspire your food journey.

These top 5 best street foods in Asia are unmissable! We explain Central Asian food, including seven popular foods in this region.

Our Southeast Asia packing list will be helpful if you’re travelling here.

Furthermore, if you plan to travel long-term (or at least until the money runs out), these 21 cheapest countries to visit will help you make your hard-earned dollars stretch a bit further.

Not surprisingly, our top 10 best countries for food lovers include a few Asian countries.

You’ll need to stay connected while travelling in Asia. We recommend eSIM. It’s easy, reliable and affordable. View eSIMs for individual Asian countries, or consider a regional eSIM for Asia (which covers 18 countries).

If your travels in Asia are part of a much larger global adventure, then a Global eSIM may be the answer. It connects you in 124 countries, offering data-only eSIM and data/call/text eSIM. The Global eSIM has been a game-changer; we couldn’t imagine travelling without it now.

If you want to travel with like-minded travellers, consider joining a group tour. Check out our Group Tours first for any upcoming departures in Asia, or view Tourradar for great deals on tours in Asia.

Check out our best-ever travel tips compiled from more than twenty years of experience.

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5 Comments. Leave new

  • Good read!

    Reply
  • Thanks for this info! Did you happen to purchase any groceries either in a market or a “european-style” grocery store while you were there? We’re overlanding through the area soon and prefer to cook our own meals… but I’m a bit nervous about what kinds of ingredients we will be able to find so I’m researching recipes ahead of time 🙂

    Reply
    • Hi Anetta,
      We didn’t shop much at all for groceries to cater for ourselves in Central Asia, however, we remember that buying food in markets is very affordable. Everything is sold by weight and the kinds of food that is easily bought and in abundance was many types of rice, spices, raisins, nut, and dried fruit. Bread is cooked fresh every day and it was always easy to find, along with tomatoes, cucumbers, and onions. Hope that helps a little 🙂 Have the best time in Central Asia!

      Reply
  • Thank you for sharing such useful information… i really like it..
    nice blog you had described in detail…
    regards:
    Asian Foods Near Me

    Reply
  • Asian food is fresh and very packed with flavor. I love trying out the different dishes that they have to offer! This is a pretty cool list.
    Regards:
    Asian Foods Near Me

    Reply

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